供暖用中低温相变储热材料的筛选与测试
李洋^1，2，王彩霞²，宗军²，方攸同¹，马吉恩¹
（1. 浙江大学电气工程学院，浙江 杭州 310027；2. 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司，北京 102206）
摘要： 通过对当前主要应用的有机类（石蜡、脂肪酸为代表）和无机类（无机水合盐为代表） 相变储热材料进行综
合比较，结合未来民用建筑供暖系统的应用场景，最终筛选出Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O 作为研究对象，并对其进行步冷、DSC、
TG、冷热循环及模拟环境充放热测试。可看出，Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O 是目前综合性能较高的储热材料，但仍有很大的改进空
间，其熔点高于90 ℃，导致对其加热部分为压力容器，从而导致成本大幅提升。如果要避免压力容器存在，则相变储
热装置中的换热结构设计需要很强的换热能力，或未来对其进一步改性，通过材料添加剂等手段降低其熔点。
关键词： 供暖；相变储热材料；测试；筛选
中图分类号：TK11⁺4     文献标识码：A     文章编号：2095-0802-(2020)01-0044-05
Screening and Testing of Medium and Low Temperature Phase Change Heat Storage Material
Used in the Field of Heating
LI Yang^1,2, WANG Caixia², ZONG Jun², FANG Youtong^1, MA Jien¹
(1. College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; 2. SPIC Research Institute of
Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China)
Abstract: Through the comprehensive comparison of organic (paraffin, fatty acid as the representative) and inorganic (inorganic
hydrated salt as the representative) phase change heat storage materials currently mainly applied, combined with the future
application scenarios of civil building heating system, Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O was finally selected as the research object, and it was tested
by step cooling, DSC, TG, cold heat cycle and simulation environment. It can be obtained that Mg (NO₃)₂·6H₂O is a heat storage
material with high comprehensive performance at present, but there is still a lot of room for improvement. Its melting point is
higher than 90 ℃, resulting in the heating part of pressure vessel, which leads to a significant increase in cost. If the pressure
vessel is to be avoided, the design of heat exchange structure in the phase change heat storage device needs a strong heat
exchange capacity or be further modified it in the future, and reduce its melting point by means of material additives.

Key words: heating; phase change heat storage material; testing; screening