畜禽粪污湿式厌氧发酵产甲烷反应器选型
杨开宇
（中国电建集团江西省电力建设有限公司，江西 南昌 330001）
摘要： 厌氧发酵产CH₄是解决畜禽粪污污染问题的主流方式。厌氧反应器是将畜禽粪污转化为CH₄的核心设备，对
有机物的去除率、发酵产气率和稳定性、初始投资等都有决定性的影响。综述了厌氧发酵反应器的演变进程，并分析了
当前国内外主流反应器的工作原理、优缺点以及原料适应性等。基于反应器对原料的适应能力对反应器进行了归类，建
立了基于原料特性的反应器类型选择方法。在采用湿式厌氧（混合）发酵工艺处理畜禽粪便的工程实践中，宜优先选用
CSTR 反应器。研究结论可加深对厌氧发酵反应器特性和演化进程的理解，为反应器优化提供帮助，同时为畜禽粪污厌
氧发酵方案设计中反应器的选型工作提供理论指导。
关键词： 厌氧发酵反应器；畜禽粪污；CSTR
中图分类号： TK6     文献标识码： A     文章编号： 2095-0802-(2021)12-0170-03
Type Selection of Wet Anaerobic Fermentation Reactor for Methane Production from Livestock
and Poultry Manure
YANG Kaiyu
(Power China Jiangxi Electric Power Construction Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330001, Jiangxi, China)
Abstract: Methane production by anaerobic fermentation is the main way to solve the problem of livestock and poultry manure
pollution. Anaerobic reactor is the core equipment for converting livestock and poultry manure into methane, which has a decisive
impact on organic matter removal rate, fermentation gas production rate and stability, initial investment and so on. In this paper,
the evolution of anaerobic fermentation reactor was summarized, and the working principle, advantages and disadvantages of the
current mainstream anaerobic reactor at home and abroad, as well as the adaptability of raw materials were analyzed. Reactors
were classified based on the adaptability of reactor to raw materials, and a method of reactor type selection based on the
characteristics of raw materials was established. In the engineering practice of wet anaerobic (mixed) fermentation process for
livestock and poultry manure treatment, CSTR reactor should be selected as the priority. The research conclusion can deepen the
understanding of the characteristics and evolution of anaerobic fermentation reactor, provide help for reactor optimization, and
provide theoretical guidance for reactor selection in the project design of livestock and poultry manure anaerobic fermentation.

Key words: anaerobic fermentation reactor; livestock and poultry manure; CSTR