基于采矿专业对煤矸石覆岩离层注浆充填技术的探索
燕利芳¹，刘晓²
（1. 神木职业技术学院矿业建筑工程系，陕西 神木 719300；2. 神木职业技术教育中心，陕西 神木 719300）
摘要： 如何充分利用煤矿地下煤层回采后产生的地下空间，是目前研究的一个热点。结合实际情况，采煤工作面上
覆岩层破坏规律在垂直方向体现为冒落带、裂隙带、弯曲下沉带三带，水平方向岩层移动体现为煤壁支撑区、离层区、
重新压实区三区，巧妙地利用地层移动规律，把采动空间转移到离层空间，利用破碎机、制砂机将煤矸石破碎加工，再
利用球磨机制成浆液，进行高压注浆，实现采动空间到离层空间的转换，采用覆岩离层注浆充填的方式把煤矸石注入地
下空间，秉承“从哪里来，到哪里去”的绿色开采思想，使煤矸石回归自然，达到对煤矸石的无害化处理。
关键词： 煤矸石；覆岩离层注浆充填技术；绿色开采
中图分类号： TD325⁺.3      文献标志码： A      文章编号： 2095-0802-(2022)11-0092-05
Grouting and Filling Technology for Coal Gangue Overburden Separation Layer Based on
Mining Specialty
YAN Lifang¹, LIU Xiao²
(1. Department of Mining Construction Engineering, Shenmu Vocational & Technical College, Shenmu 719300, Shaanxi, China;
2. Shenmu Vocational and Technical Education Center, Shenmu 719300, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: How to make full use of the underground space after coal mining is a hot spot of research at present. Combined with
the actual situation, the failure law of the overlying strata of the coal mining face is embodied in the vertical direction as the
caving zone, the fracture zone and the bending subsidence zone, the strata movement in horizontal direction is embodied in three
areas: coal wall supporting area, separation area and re-compacted area. Stratum movement rules are skillfully used to transfer the
mining space to the separation space. The coal gangue is broken and processed by crusher and sand-making machine, then the
slurry is made by ball mill, and high-pressure grouting is carried out to realize the transformation from mining space to separation
space, the coal gangue is injected into the underground space by grouting and filling the separated layer of overburden layer,
adhering to the green mining thought of "where from, where to go", so that the coal gangue returns to nature and achieves
harmless treatment of coal gangue.

Key words: coal gangue; grouting and filling technology for overburden separation layer; green mining