煤中重金属质量浓度的测定及潜在生态风险评价
关嘉栋^1，2，牛江露^1，2，崔宇翔^1，2，武杰^1，2，陈林勇^1，2，郭鑫^1，2，姚晋芳^1，2
（1. 煤与煤层气共采国家重点实验室，山西 晋城 048000；2. 易安蓝焰煤与煤层气共采技术有限责任公司，山西 晋城 048000）
摘要： 采用硝酸/氢氟酸+硼酸两步微波消解法对山西4 个矿区煤样进行样品前处理，利用ICP-MS 法同时测定煤中
9 种重金属元素，对其中5 种重金属元素污染状况及潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明：各被测元素的质量浓度与对应
的强度呈线性关系，相关系数均在0.999 8 以上，RSD 为0.34%～6.59%，加标回收率大部分在80%～120%之间；单一重
金属污染物潜在生态风险系数及多种重金属污染物综合潜在生态风险指数均属轻微生态风险级别；寺河煤矿、三元煤矿
和襄垣煤矿的Cd 潜在生态风险系数最大，污染水平最高，其次是As，而车寨煤矿的As 污染水平高于Cd 污染水平，可
将Cd 暂定为4 个矿区的首要污染元素。
关键词： 煤炭；电感耦合等离子体质谱；微波消解；加标回收率；潜在生态风险指数法
中图分类号： X53；X826      文献标志码： A      文章编号： 2095-0802-(2023)02-0006-05
Determination of Mass Concentration and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of
Heavy Metal in Coal
GUAN Jiadong^1,2, NIU Jianglu^1,2, CUI Yuxiang^1,2, WU Jie^1,2, CHEN Linyong^1,2, GUO Xin^1,2, YAO Jinfang^1,2
(1. State Key Laboratory of Coal and Coal-bed Methane Simultaneous Extraction, Jincheng 048000, Shanxi, China; 2. Yi'an
Lanyan Coal and Coal-bed Methane Simultaneous Extraction Technology Co., Ltd., Jincheng 048000, Shanxi, China)
Abstract: A two-step microwave digestion method of nitric acid/hydrofluoric acid + boric acid was used to pretreat coal samples
from four mining areas in Shanxi Province. Nine heavy metal elements in coal were determined by inductively coupled plasmamass
spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the pollution status and potential ecological risks of five of them were evaluated. The results
show that: there was a linear relationship between the mass concentration of each element and its corresponding strength, the
correlation coefficients were all above 0.999 8, RSDs were 0.34% - 6.59%, and the standard recoveries were mostly between 80%
and 120%; the potential ecological risk coefficient of single heavy metal pollutant and the comprehensive potential ecological risk
index of multiple heavy metal pollutants belong to slight ecological risk level. Sihe Coal Mine, Sanyuan Coal Mine and Xiangyuan
Coal Mine have the highest potential ecological risk coefficient and the highest pollution level of Cd, followed by As, while the
level of As pollution is higher than that of Cd pollution in Chezhai Coal Mine, so Cd can be temporarily considered as the primary
pollution element in the four mining areas.

Key words: coal; inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; microwave digestion; standard recovery; potential ecological
risk index method