煤矿井下水力压裂技术在围岩控制中的应用分析
曹东升
（安徽理工大学矿业工程学院，安徽 淮南 232000）
摘要： 传统煤矿井下围岩控制方法对围岩控制效果较差，控制后巷道围岩来压步距仍然比较大，为此，提出了一种
基于水力压裂技术的煤矿井下围岩控制方法。结合煤矿井下运输条件和空间条件，在机巷或者工作面迎头的围岩上布设
压裂孔位，利用KZ 54 型切槽钻头预制纵向切槽，钻取水力压裂孔；利用高压注水泵向钻好的压裂孔内泵注压裂液，泵
注过程中严格控制泵压和压裂液泵注量，使用封孔器对压裂孔进行封孔，通过孔内压裂液膨胀产生裂缝，卸载煤矿井下
巷道围岩应力。实验证明，利用所述方法后煤矿井下巷道围岩来压步距小于传统方法，有效提升了围岩控制效果，表明
设计方法具有良好的应用前景。
关键词： 水力压裂技术；围岩控制；来压步距；切槽钻头；压裂液
中图分类号： TD353      文献标志码： A      文章编号： 2095-0802-(2023)02-0177-04
Application of Hydraulic Fracturing Technology in Surrounding Rock Control in Coal Mines
CAO Dongsheng
(School of Mining Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232000, Anhui, China)
Abstract: The traditional surrounding rock control method in coal mines has poor control effect on surrounding rock, and the roof
weighting step of roadway surrounding rock is still large after control. Therefore, a control method for surrounding rock in coal
mines based on hydraulic fracturing technology was proposed. In combination with the underground transportation conditions and
space conditions of the coal mine, the fracturing hole location was arranged on the surrounding rock of the machine roadway or
the head-on of the working face, and the KZ 54 grooving drill was used to prefabricate the longitudinal slot and drill the hydraulic
fracturing hole. The high-pressure water injection pump was used to pump fracturing fluid into the drilled fracturing hole. During
the pumping process, the pump pressure and fracturing fluid pumping volume were strictly controlled. The hole packer was used
to seal the fracturing hole. Fractures were generated through the expansion of the fracturing fluid in the hole, and the stress in the
surrounding rock of the underground roadway of the coal mine was unloaded. The experiment shows that the roof weighting step of
surrounding rock roadway in the coal mine is less than that of traditional method, which effectively improves the control effect of
surrounding rock. It shows that the design method has a good application prospect.

Key words: hydraulic fracturing technology; surrounding rock control; roof weighting step; grooving drill; fracturing fluid