宏远煤矿上保护层开采可行性研究
尚二花¹，赵培云²
（1.山西焦煤山煤国际左权宏远煤业有限公司，山西 左权 032600；2.太原理工大学，山西 太原 030024）
摘要： 以宏远煤矿保护层开采为工程背景，为了确定上覆14 号煤层作为上保护层开采的可行性，结合实际工程背景
和地质条件，采用理论分析、FLAC^3D数值模拟等手段来研究上保护层开采时需要具备的安全条件以及被保护层位移、应
力、变形分布规律，并进行现场卸压初步检验。结果显示：作为上保护层的14 号煤层可以进行安全开采；上保护层开采
后，将会在下覆岩体中形成卸压区，被保护层顶板应力也大大降低，同时被保护层上覆岩层发生膨胀变形，其膨胀率达
到了0.42%；现场卸压效果初步检验出被保护层上覆煤岩存在不同程度的损伤，发育裂缝有助于瓦斯运移，为被保护层
卸压瓦斯抽采创造有利条件。宏远煤矿上保护层（14 号煤层）开采作为防突措施具有可行性。
关键词： 保护层开采；FLAC^3D数值模拟；顶底板应力；位移变化；膨胀率
中图分类号： TD823.8      文献标志码： A      文章编号： 2095-0802-(2023)06-0183-05
Feasibility of Mining Upper Protective Layer in Hongyuan Coal Mine
SHANG Erhua¹, ZHAO Peiyun²
(1. Hongyuan Coal Industry Co., Ltd. of Zuoquan, Shanxi Coal International Energy Group, Shanxi Coking Coal Group, Zuoquan
032600, Shanxi, China; 2. Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China)
Abstract: With the protection layer mining of Hongyuan Coal Mine as the engineering background, in order to determine the
feasibility of the overlying 14^# coal seam as the upper protection layer mining, combined with the actual engineering background
and geological conditions, theoretical analysis, FLAC^3D numerical simulation and other means were used to study the safety
conditions required for the upper protection layer mining, as well as the displacement, stress and deformation distribution laws of
the protected layer, and preliminary on-site pressure relief inspection was carried out. The results show that the 14^# coal seam, as
the upper protective layer, can be safely mined; after the mining of the upper protective layer, a pressure relief zone will be formed
in the underlying rock mass, and the stress of the roof of the protected layer will also be greatly reduced; at the same time, the
overlying rock of the protected layer will expand and deform, with the expansion rate reaching 0.42%; the field pressure relief effect
preliminarily verified that the overlying coal and rock of the protected layer were damaged to varying degrees, and the development
of cracks was conducive to gas migration, creating favorable conditions for the pressure relief gas drainage of the protected layer.
It is feasible to mine the upper protective layer (14^# coal seam) of Hongyuan Coal Mine as an outburst prevention measure.

Key words: protective layer mining; FLAC^3D numerical simulation; stress of roof and floor; displacement change; expansion rate