水力冲孔增透技术在单一松软低透煤层的应用试验
杜春宁
（河南平宝煤业有限公司，河南 平顶山 467000）
摘要： 针对单一松软低透煤层瓦斯抽采浓度低、衰减速度快的问题，以河南平宝煤业有限公司首山一矿回采工作面
为工程背景，开展了水力冲孔在低位巷穿层钻孔增透抽采中的试验。采用了现场考察的方法，对水力冲孔钻孔的布设、
冲孔工艺参数和增透抽采的效果进行了考察。结果表明：水力冲孔钻孔的最大间距不应超过10 m；水射流出口压力要达
到3 ～7 MPa；乳化液泵压力为10 ～12 MPa；采用从钻孔下部煤岩交界面向上逐步缓慢回拉式的冲孔工艺；钻孔破冲出
的煤量为0.7 ～1.5 t/m 时，可在钻孔煤段破冲成直径为0.8 ～2.6 m的孔洞，为煤体形变提供了空间；水力冲孔增透后的
抽放巷，平均抽采量是仅采用穿层钻孔巷道的3.58 倍。
关键词： 瓦斯抽采；低透气性；单一煤层；水力冲孔；卸压增透
中图分类号： TD713⁺.3      文献标志码： A      文章编号： 2095-0802-(2023)09-0173-04
Application Test of Permeability Improving Technology of Hydraulic Punching in
Single Soft and Low Permeability Coal Seams
DU Chunning
(Henan Pingbao Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China)
Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low gas drainage concentration and fast decay rate in a single soft and low permeability coal
seam, taking the work face of Shoushan No.1 Coal Mine of Henan Pingbao Coal Industry Co., Ltd. as the engineering background,
the application test of hydraulic punching technology in low-level roadway penetration drilling to increase permeability was
carried out. Using the method of on-site inspection, the layout of hydraulic punching holes, technical parameters of punching
technology and the drainage effect of increasing permeability were investigated. The results show that the maximum spacing of
hydraulic punching holes should not exceed 10 m, the outlet pressure of the water jet should reach 3 - 7 MPa, the emulsion pump
pressure is 10 - 12 MPa; the punching process is gradually pulled back upward from the coal-rock interface under the borehole;
when the amount of coal punched out of the borehole is 0.7 - 1.5 t/m, the coal section of the borehole can be broken into holes
with a diameter of 0.8 - 2.6 m, which provides space for coal body deformation; after the drainage roadway adopting hydraulic
punching and penetration enhancement technology, the average daily drainage volume of the roadway is 3.58 times that of only the
through-layer drilling roadway.

Key words: gas drainage; low permeability; single coal seam; hydraulic punching; pressure relief and permeability increasing