主产煤区煤矸石性质及综合利用适宜性评价
黄成¹，张杰¹，李敏²，曹芳智¹
（1.中建材资源环境有限公司，北京 100020；2.生态环境部环境工程评估中心，北京 100020）
摘要： 中国煤矸石产出量大，不但压占大量土地资源，而且对周边环境造成不利影响。通过对中国主产煤区进行分
类，选取不同区域的典型煤矿进行实地调研，并采集煤矸石样品进行成分分析、属性鉴定。在此基础上，对主产煤区煤
矸石开展潜在环境风险分析和制砖、普通硅酸盐水泥原料及含铝化工产品原料综合利用途径适宜性评价。结果表明：主
产煤区煤矸石以铝硅黏土型和铝硅型为主；63.64%为低硫煤矸石，18.18%为中硫煤矸石；煤矸石在长期堆存过程中或自
燃后，经过风化、氧化等物理、化学作用，其中的有毒有害物质更易浸出，矸石属性可能发生变化；华北平原、内蒙古
自治区草原煤矸石适宜制砖，云贵高原山地丘陵区煤矸石制砖效果最差；大部分所采集的煤矸石适宜综合利用为普通硅
酸盐水泥原料，所有煤矸石均不适宜做含铝化工产品原料。
关键词： 主产煤区；煤矸石；成分分析；属性鉴定；综合利用
中图分类号： X5；TD849⁺.5      文献标志码： A      文章编号： 2095-0802-(2023)10-0010-04
Evaluation of Properties and Comprehensive Utilization Suitability of Coal Gangue
in Main Coal-producing Areas
HUANG Cheng¹, ZHANG Jie¹, LI Min², CAO Fangzhi¹
(1. China National Materials Resources and Environment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100020, China;
2. Environment Engineering Evaluation Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100020, China)
Abstract: China has a large output of coal gangue, which not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also has
adverse effects on the surrounding environment. The main coal-producing areas in China were classified, typical coal mines in
different areas were selected for field investigation, and coal gangue samples were collected for composition analysis and attribute
identification. On this basis, the potential environmental risk analysis of coal gangue and the suitability evaluation of comprehensive
utilization of raw materials for brick making, ordinary Portland cement and aluminum-containing chemical products in main coalproducing
areas were carried out. The results show that the types of coal gangue in the main coal-producing area are mainly
alumina-silica-clay type and alumina-silica type; 63.64% of the coal gangue is low-sulfur coal gangue, and 18.18% of the coal
gangue is medium-sulfur coal gangue; during long-term storage or spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, after weathering,
oxidation and other physical and chemical effects, the toxic and harmful substances in it are easier to leach, and the properties of
gangue may change; the coal gangue in the grasslands of North China Plain and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is suitable for
brick making, and the coal gangue in the moutains and hills of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau has the worst effect; most of the
collected coal gangue are suitable for comprehensive utilization as raw materials of Portland silicate cement, and all coal gangue
are not suitable as raw materials of aluminum chemical products.

Key words: main coal-producing area; coal gangue; component analysis; attribute identification; comprehensive utilization