软化-混凝预处理高矿化度矿井水的试验研究
候振华¹，白成²，李珊³，张强²，薛国标²，程爱华^3*
（1. 陕西陕煤韩城矿业有限公司，陕西 韩城 715400；2.陕西陕煤韩城矿业有限公司桑树坪煤矿，陕西 韩城 715400；
3. 西安科技大学地质与环境学院，陕西 西安 710054）
摘要：高矿化度矿井水可回用，常采用膜技术脱盐，但运行过程中Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺造成的膜污染极大地影响了膜性
能。开展矿井水预处理降低硬度及浊度，对减轻膜污染、提高出水水质、降低运行费用起着重要的作用。采用氧
化钙-偏铝酸钠软化法耦合PAC （聚合氯化铝） 混凝法降低矿井水的硬度及浊度，采用单因素试验考察了药剂投
加量、反应时间、沉淀时间对去除效果的影响。试验结果表明，投加30 mg/L CaO、15 mg/L NaAlO₂ 及20 mg/L
PAC，反应60 min，沉淀20 min 的条件下，水样的总硬度为56.622 mg/L，总硬度去除率为46.10%，浊度去除率
为88.86%，吨水药剂费用为2.4 元。
关键词：氧化钙-偏铝酸钠软化法；聚合氯化铝混凝法；高矿化度矿井水；预处理
中图分类号：X703      文献标志码：A     文章编号：2095-0802-(2024)02-0067-04
Experimental Study on Pretreatment of High Salinity Mine Water by
Soften-coagulate
HOU Zhenhua¹, BAI Cheng², LI Shan³, ZHANG Qiang², XUE Guobiao², CHENG Aihua^3*
(1. Shaanxi Coal Hancheng Mining Co., Ltd., Hancheng 715400, Shaanxi, China; 2. Sangshuping Coal Mine, Shaanxi
Coal Hancheng Mining Co., Ltd., Hancheng 715400, Shaanxi, China; 3. College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an
University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: Membrane technology has a good desalination effect in high mineralization mine water that can be reused, but
the precipitation contamination caused by Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ during operation greatly affects the membrane performance. Pretreatment
to reduce hardness and turbidity plays an important role in reducing membrane contamination, improving
effluent quality and reducing operating costs. The calcium oxide-sodium metaaluminate softening method coupled with
PAC (polyaluminum chloride) coagulation were selected to remove the hardness and turbidity of mine water, and the
effects of chemical dosage, reaction time and precipitation time on the removal effect were investigated using single-factor
experiments. The optimum conditions were: the dosage of CaO was 30 mg/L, the dosage of NaAlO₂ was 15 mg/L, the
dosage of PAC was 20 mg/L, the reaction was 60 min, and the precipitation time was 20 min. The total hardness content
of the water sample at this time was 56.622 mg/L, with a total hardness removal rate of 46.10% and a turbidity removal
rate of 88.86%. The cost of the chemical for the ton of water was 2.4 yuan.
Key words: calcium oxide-sodium metaaluminate softening method; PAC; high mineralization mine water; pre-treatment